Keluaran 23:2
Konteks23:2 “You must not follow a crowd 1 in doing evil things; 2 in a lawsuit you must not offer testimony that agrees with a crowd so as to pervert justice, 3
Keluaran 22:21
Konteks22:21 “You must not wrong 4 a foreigner 5 nor oppress him, for you were foreigners in the land of Egypt.
Imamat 19:33-34
Konteks19:33 When a foreigner resides 6 with you in your land, you must not oppress him. 19:34 The foreigner who resides with you must be to you like a native citizen among you; so 7 you must love him as yourself, because you were foreigners in the land of Egypt. I am the Lord your God.
Yehezkiel 22:7
Konteks22:7 They have treated father and mother with contempt 8 within you; they have oppressed the foreigner among you; they have wronged the orphan and the widow 9 within you.
[23:2] 1 tn The word רָבִּים (rabbim), here rendered “crowd,” is also used infrequently to refer to the “mighty,” people of importance in society (Job 35:9; cf. Lev 19:15).
[23:2] 2 tn For any individual to join a group that is bent on acting wickedly would be a violation of the Law and would incur personal responsibility.
[23:2] 3 tn Heb “you will not answer in a lawsuit to turn after the crowd to turn.” The form translated “agrees with” (Heb “to turn after”) is a Qal infinitive construct from נָטָה (natah); the same root is used at the end of the verse but as a Hiphil infinitive construct, “to pervert [justice].”
[22:21] 5 tn Or “alien,” both here and in 23:9. This individual is a resident foreigner; he lives in the land but, aside from provisions such as this, might easily be without legal rights.
[19:33] 6 tn Heb “And when a sojourner sojourns.”
[19:34] 7 tn Heb “and.” The Hebrew conjunction ו (vav, “and”) can be considered to have resultative force here.
[22:7] 8 tn Heb “treated lightly, cursed.”
[22:7] 9 tn Widows and orphans are often coupled together in the OT (Deut 14:29; 16:11, 14; 24:19-21; 26:12-13; Jer 7:6; 22:3). They represented all who were poor and vulnerable to economic exploitation.
